Researchers at the University of Notre Dame and collaborators have discovered a key process in how the outer membrane of gram ...

From plant stems to bacterial shells, cell walls are far more than rigid barriers—they’re living, adapting structures. Scientists are uncovering how they maintain shape, remodel themselves, and even ...

The 2020 Nobel Prize in Chemistry was awarded for the development of CRISPR/Cas9, a method also known as "gene scissors," which enables researchers to better understand how human cells function and ...

Plant cells are surrounded by an intricately structured protective coat called the cell wall. It’s built of cellulose microfibrils intertwined with polysaccharides like hemicellulose or pectin. We ...